Regulatory framework of different players responsible for osmotic resilience and adaptation.
The Na(+)/H(+) antiporter system, which includes the mnhC1 subunit, actively transports excess sodium ions out of the cell, preventing their toxic accumulation and maintaining ion balance. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, and NADH peroxidase can help to protect the cell from oxidative damage. The QoxA-QoxB-QoxC- QoxD cytochrome aa3 oxidase complex, frdA, and ATP synthase subunits work together to generate ATP, which is important for energy production under osmotic stress. The transcriptional regulators ArcR and HrcA collaborate to control the expression of genes related to metabolism and stress response. Additionally, tarD and ltaS are essential components in the osmotic stress response involved in maintaining the cell wall integrity. Protein translocase subunit SecY is a component of the Sec translocation system, responsible for transporting proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane under osmotic stress to help maintain protein homeostasis and prevent misfolding of proteins.
© 2024 Korean J. Microbiol.
